In December 2019 there was a cluster of
pneumonia cases in the
city of Wuhan in
China some of the early cases had
reported visiting or working in a
seafood and live animal market in Wuhan
investigations found that the disease
was caused by a newly discovered corona
virus the disease was subsequently named
Covid-19 Covid-19 spread within China
and to the rest of the world
on 30 January 2020 the World Health
Organization declared the outbreak a
public health emergency of international
concern in this video we'll take a quick
look at what is currently known about
kovat 19 keep in mind that this is a new
disease and what's known is rapidly
evolving and might change in the future
so what is a corona virus corona viruses
are a large group of viruses they
consist of a core of genetic material
surrounded by a lipid envelope with
protein spikes this gives it the
appearance of a crown crown in Latin is
called Corona and that's how these
viruses get their name there are
different types of corona viruses that
cause illness in animals and humans in
humans corona viruses can cause
respiratory infections ranging from the
common cold to more severe diseases
these include the severe acute
respiratory syndrome corona virus
first identified in china in 2003
respiratory syndrome corona virus
first identified in china in 2003
respiratory syndrome corona virus
first identified in china in 2003 the
Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus
that was first identified in Saudi
Arabia in 2012 and Tsarskoe v2 the name
of the virus that causes Kovan 19 that
was first reported in December 2019 so
where did this new virus come from it's
known that corona viruses circulate in a
range of animals sometimes these viruses
can make the jump from animals to humans
this is called a spillover and could be
due to a range of factors such as
mutations in the virus or increased
contact between humans and animals for
example mers-cov
is known to be transmitted from camels
and Tsarskoe V from civet cats the
animal reservoir of the new corona virus
is not known yet how does the disease
spread the disease can spread from
person to person through droplets when
an infected person releases those
droplets through coughing talking or
sneezing for example when close to
another person it can also spread when
infected droplets land on objects and
when another person touches them and
then touches their eyes nose or mouth
what are the symptoms the incubation
period which is the time taken from
exposure to the virus and development of
symptoms is on average five to six days
but can range from 1 to 14 days there
can be a range of symptoms from very
mild to severe some people may not
develop symptoms common symptoms include
fever fatigue and respiratory symptoms
such as cough sore throat and shortness
of breath some people reported loss of
their sense of taste or smell and some
may develop a skin rash in more severe
cases there could be pneumonia organ
failure and sometimes death about 80% of
cases recover from the disease without
needing special treatment but there are
some people who are at risk of serious
illness they include older people or
people with underlying medical problems
such as chronic respiratory disease
obesity diabetes high blood pressure
heart disease or cancer how can we tell
whether someone is infected the
infection is commonly diagnosed by a
test called reverse transcriptase
polymerase chain reaction generally
known as PCR this test identifies the
virus based on its genetic fingerprint
there is also a blood test that can
check for antibodies against the virus
which may show that someone was infected
in the past how is it treated the
treatment for kovat 19 is mainly
supportive care medicines against the
virus are currently under investigation
how do we prevent transmission of the
virus there are a number of effective
ways to prevent the spread of the
disease
these include covering your mouth and
nose when coughing or sneezing with a
flexed elbow or tissue and throwing the
tissue in a closed bin immediately after
use wash hands regularly with soap and
water or an alcohol-based hand rub
maintaining at least one meter distance
from people and the appropriate use of
masks
and personal protective equipment
especially in health settings it's
important to stay home if you're feeling
unwell and to call a hotline or your
medical professional but if you have a
fever cough or difficulty breathing seek
medical care early and share your travel
history or contact with someone unwell
with your healthcare provider in some
areas governments have implemented
specific physical and social distancing
measures to prevent the spread of the
outbreak it's important to follow their
advice vaccines to prevent kovat 19:00
are currently under development and
scientists around the world are working
hard to make this happen that's a quick
look at this emerging infectious disease
we're still learning about this virus
every day .
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